Showing posts with label british columbia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label british columbia. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 27, 2016

CMHC Assessment Points to Potential Impact of Home Price Growth in Vancouver and Toronto on Canadian Market

OTTAWA, July 27, 2016 – Evidence of problematic conditions in Canada’s housing market as a whole has increased from weak to moderate since the last report, according to the latest Housing Market Assessment (HMA) released today by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). ). In Vancouver, we now have sufficient evidence to raise our overall assessment of problematic conditions in the Vancouver housing market to high.

The HMA serves as an early warning system, alerting Canadians to areas of concern developing in our housing markets so that they may take action in a way that promotes market stability.

Report Highlights

  • Overvaluation and overbuilding remain the most prevalent problematic conditions observed across the 15 centres covered by the HMA.
  • Overvaluation is detected in 9 centres while overbuilding is detected in 7.
  • Overall evidence of problematic conditions has increased since the previous assessment nationally as well as in Vancouver.
  • Strong evidence of problematic conditions is seen in Vancouver, Toronto, Calgary, Saskatoon and Regina. In Toronto and Vancouver, this is due to the combination of price acceleration and overvaluation. In Calgary, Saskatoon and Regina, this is due to the combination of overvaluation and overbuilding.
  • Moderate evidence of problematic conditions is seen nationally as well as in Edmonton, Winnipeg, Hamilton, Montreal, and Quebec.
  • Evidence of overvaluation has increased since the previous assessment nationally and in Hamilton.
  • Overall evidence of problematic conditions has decreased in Ottawa since the previous assessment.
CMHC defines evidence of problematic conditions as imbalances in the housing market. Imbalances occur when overbuilding, overvaluation, overheating and price acceleration, or combinations thereof depart significantly from historical averages. For examples, please consult the Overview section of the national report.
The complete HMA, including national, regional and CMA insight and analysis, is available on ourwebsite.
“For Canada overall, we now detect strong evidence of overvaluation. As a result, our overall assessment has moved from weak to moderate since the last report. Moreover, the greater range of evidence of problematic conditions in Vancouver has led us to conclude that there is now strong evidence of problematic conditions in our overall assessment of the Vancouver housing market.”
— Bob Dugan, Chief Economist, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Robyn Adamache
“Right now we're seeing moderate evidence of overheating and price acceleration in Vancouver because supply is not keeping pace with demand. We're also continuing to see strong evidence of overvaluation mainly because single detached home prices are higher than those supported by economic fundamentals.”
— Robyn Adamache, Principal Market Analyst (Vancouver), Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation

Information on This Release:

Jonathan Rotondo
Media Relations
613-748-2734
jrotondo@cmhc.ca

Wednesday, May 14, 2014

Teranet House Price Index - April 2014

HOME PRICES UP 0.5% IN APRIL

In April the Teranet-National Bank National Composite House Price Index™ was up 0.5% from the previous month, following a flat March. Though the gain might appear robust, it must be said that apart from the recession in 2009, the composite index always advanced in April, the average monthly increase having been 0.9%. Last month's advance is indeed the third weakest for April outside a recession since 1999. Though the countrywide composite index rose to an all-time high, only four of the 11 metropolitan markets surveyed did the same. Prices were up from the previous month in nine markets. Calgary's 1.5% advance was the third in a row exceeding 1%, taking that market to a new high. Montreal's monthly gain of 0.8% was far from making up the ground lost in March. Prices in Hamilton, Halifax and Ottawa-Gatineau were up 0.7% on the month. The rise in the national capital region ended a run of seven monthly retreats. The rise in Halifax left its index still below the January reading. The monthly gain was 0.6% in Edmonton, 0.5% in Vancouver (the only city whose prices have risen for 12 consecutive months, also to a new high), 0.4% in Winnipeg and 0.3% in Toronto. These last two markets reached new highs although their advances trailed the countrywide average. Two markets were down from the previous month, Quebec City (−0.5%) and Victoria (−1.0%).

Teranet – National Bank National Composite House Price Index™

Contact Us

For general enquiries:

info@housepriceindex.ca

For licenses covering all index-linked products, please contact:

Simon Côté
514 879-5379
Since in April 2013 the monthly rise of the composite index was the smallest on record (+0.2%), the rather modest advance of April 2014 resulted in an acceleration of 12 month home price inflation to 4.9% from 4.6%. However, for the first time since October 2010, prices were down from a year earlier in five of the 11 markets, including all four of those east of Toronto: Halifax (−3.5%), Quebec City (−2.4%) and Montreal and Ottawa-Gatineau (−0.4%). The fifth market with 12-month deflation was Victoria (−0.7%). In striking contrast were 12-month gains of 10.0% in Calgary and 9.0% in Vancouver. Toronto (+5.8%) and Hamilton (+5.3%) also pulled the cross-country average higher. Trailing the average were Edmonton (+4.0%) and Winnipeg (+2.5%). The softness of prices east of Toronto is consistent with the excess supply prevailing in the resale markets of these metropolitan areas.

Teranet – National Bank House Price Index™



The historical data of the Teranet – National Bank House Price Index™ is available at www.housepriceindex.ca.
Metropolitan areaIndex level
April
% change m/m% change y/y
Calgary179.391.5 %10.0 %
Edmonton174.880.6 %4.0 %
Halifax137.750.7 %-3.5 %
Hamilton145.920.7 %5.3 %
Montreal148.370.8 %-0.4 %
Ottawa139.490.7 %-0.4 %
Quebec172.74-0.5 %-2.4 %
Toronto155.150.3 %5.8 %
Vancouver180.520.5 %9.0 %
Victoria133.88-1.0 %-0.7 %
Winnipeg196.000.4 %2.5 %
National Composite 6160.940.6 %5.5 %
National Composite 11161.280.5 %4.9 %
The Teranet–National Bank House Price Index™ is estimated by tracking observed or registered home prices over time using data collected from public land registries. All dwellings that have been sold at least twice are considered in the calculation of the index. This is known as the repeat sales method; a complete description of the method is given atwww.housepriceindex.ca

The Teranet–National Bank House Price Index™ is an independently developed representation of average home price changes in six metropolitan areas: Ottawa, Toronto, Calgary, Vancouver, Montreal and Halifax. The national composite index is the weighted average of the six metropolitan areas. The weights are based on aggregate value of dwellings as retrieved from the 2006 Statistics Canada Census. According to that census1, the aggregate value of occupied dwellings in the metropolitan areas covered by the indices was $1.168 trillion, or 53% of the Canadian aggregate value of $2.207 trillion.

All indices have a base value of 100 in June 2005. For example, an index value of 130 means that home prices have increased 30% since June 2005.
By:
Marc Pinsonneault
Senior Economist
Economics and Strategy Group
National Bank of Canada

Tuesday, February 18, 2014

Landcor Data Report - Q4 2013

From Landcor.

Deep breath, stay calm. Sometimes, maybe it’s better to simply sit back and wait for things to settle out . . . but the wisdom of ‘masterful inactivity’ is usually only recognized after the cunning plan has gone
sideways.

Sure, ‘hindsight is 20-20’ but according to a guy we know, it was on four stumpy legs, bloody big and when it spots our guy coming up the driveway, it panics, turns wrong, shows its own hind end as it bolts into
his big two-door garage which (cleverly) was left open. The North American skunk; this two-tone roly-poly, waddling gait, myopic gaze, is one of Mother Nature’s more effective WMD (wielders of mass dismay). Our guy has a dilemma: How to gently shoosh the agitated eau-natural bomb outside, without having it go off inside? Somewhere in the house there’s an old can of bear spray. So ease open the garage side door, slide in the big aerosol can set on continuous discharge. Our guy learns something new and wonderful: bear spray has a ‘shelf life’ and after so many years the chemical formulation degrades . . .and what it loses in potency, it gains in colour.  Red . . . old bear spray basically turns into smelly red paint . . . hisssss . . . walls, floor, stuff . . . everywhere, everything is now thinly filmed in sticky red .

So what’s this got to do with the the really big garage in which we live – the province of BC? In general, the state of the economy and specifically, the real estate markets within?

Basically, when an inviting door is left open or unattended and for bad, good or inevitable (depending on the viewpoint) all manner of interesting things and situations can – and will -- scurry inside. Witness the ever-rising Lower Mainland house prices to cheer the homeowners and further dismay those trying to get inside the markets; the political and societal conrumdrum of ‘affordability’ versus many politicos’ seeming inability or unwillingness (or perhaps it’s simple pragmatism) to recognize ‘the allure that dares not speak its name (i.e. the stealth effect of foreign investment on these housing markets). Meanwhile, there’s the rising consumer debt loads and ever-higher mortgages predicated on the low (for now) interest rates; erratic provincial employment figures versus the slowly improving resource sectors; and the usual contentious (LNG/bitumen) pipeline dreams, schemes and government projections . . . there’s lots going on in the big garage but where it’s all going is about as clear as a crimson fog.

Lots of potential, more than a few problems and whether there are proactive ‘solutions’ to be had, or better to accept the inevitable, try to mitigate what you can and learn to live with what you can’t, is still up in the air.

Numbers Gain, Splain, Pain, Retain

As always, the regional housing markets show great diversity on the quarterly and year-over-year basis. And again, Metro Vancouver has the greatest clout, now accounting for 11,383 or more than 50 percent of the 22,706 sales posted province wide in Q4/13 and 68.47 percent – or $8.08 billion – of the $11.80 billion in total sales. On the quarterly and year-over-year comparables, Metro Vancouver continues ‘faster, higher, stronger’ but only to a point. Metro Vancouver did post a double-digit slippage in volume and values in Q4/13 versus the Q3/13 rally, the year-over-year bound in values and volume is up a remarkable 53 and almost 40 percent respectively. Last quarter, average and median SFD prices posted double-digit gains, with the average SFD abode priced at $934,482 (and far more in select neighbourhoods) and although condo and detached product price rises aren’t stellar, they are keeping up with inflation . . . which can’t be said in most all other market regions.

However, remove Metro Vancouver from the mix and for most part the regional markets continue to slide in volume and values on the year over year and quarterly comparables with Q3/14 figures showing an almost uniform peak vis-à-vis the last quarter, albeit with some strong spots too.

The Vancouver Island market is not one of them. Although volume and value are up y-o-y, Q4/13 was well below the preceding and most active Q3/14. (This year-end quarterly drop off is common to most all the other regions too, some more than others.) Average and median prices for Vancouver Island SFD and condo have slipped with only attached showing a modest 1.85 percent y-o-y gain in average price.

Neither is the Fraser Valley matrix. Year-over-year or quarter over quarter, average and median prices continue to slip for condo and attached, all negative figures, aside from average SFD prices which managed a bare 0.53-percent gain y-o-y.

The Kootenay market shows a similar strong Q3/13 values and volume, falling in Q4 but y-o-y, solid 17-percent plus gains. On the y-o-y average and median sales price comparable, SFD and condo product is ahead of inflation, attached is not.

In the Okanagan, Q3/14 had the Realtors smiling. The next quarter, not so much. Average and median prices slid in all product classes. However, on the y-o-y comparable SFD did manage, barely, to technically remain positive albeit below the inflation rate.

BC North/NW mostly mirrors its southern brethren. Strong Q3/14, comparatively quieter Q4/14 and with SFD managing to stay positive on the y-o-y average and median price comparbles. As always, northern attached and condo showed a hefty appreciation but as always, these gains are more reflective of the extreme scarcity of these types of housing in the historically SFD-dominant market. Simple rarity and not necessarily overweening market demand.

As always, average regional markets don’t reflect specific submarkets, especially in the big regions and specific towns that could be positively affected by the global recovery in resource and commodity prices.

For example, on January 13, the Kitimat LNG project hit a milestone when the Engineering/Procurement and Construction (EPC) contract was awarded to joint-venture partners Texas-based Fluor Corporation and JGC Corporation of Japan. Apache Canada and Chevron Canada are co-partners of the Kitimat LNG facility and its Pacific Trail pipeline project. In expectation of the proposed LNG project getting the okay,
the site is being cleared, roads put in and a 2,100-bed work camp is in the offing. Call it telling but back in 2010, Kitimat posted 86 residential sales. Average price: $158,127. Cheapest sale: $25,000. Most expensive: $414,000. In 2013, sales activity more than tripled to 224 properties, averaging $241,256 per, the cheapest for $70,100 with the top at $829,700. (FYI but the Metro Vancouver SFD median price is
$838,000.) Average price gain over four years: 65 percent and it appears to be accelerating.

Opinion, Opinions, Options

It’s been a long, hot run but Metro Vancouver the ‘hot house’ volatility has cooled but opines the pundits, don’t expect it to go cold and dead either; steady as it goes and into 2014. Based on persistently low mortgage rates, the steadily improving US economy and the expectation of reasonable employment growth on both sides of the line, Central 1 Credit Union forecasts that in 2014, Metro Vancouver property volume and average prices will increase by six percent and1.5 percent respectively. Not big but modest and solid.
Or as Central I economist Bryan Yu told The Vancouver Sun: “There’s no real catalyst in terms of [spurring] a big pickup in activity.”

BC Real Estate Association,chief economist Cameron Muir told The Sun to expect Metro Van price gains of one to two percent in 2014. Market conditions are “fairly balanced” with “fairly limited upward pressure on prices” which makes it unlikely that “prices are going to accelerate in any significant way.” In turn, the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver (REBGV) says that although sales on the realtor controlled MLS “quietly improved” in 2013 by 14 percent to 28,524 sales versus 2012’s lackluster 25,032 deals, 2013 was also the third lowest sales year in the last decade.

On a more optimistic note (depending on what side of the sales contract you’re on), the latest quarterly Royal LePage national house-price survey says “confidence crept back” in the Vancouver market with
“moderate growth” in all product types. Detached bungalows prices were up four percent year-over-year to $1.04 million, standard two storey up 3.3 percent to $1.14 million, condos up 2.3 percent to $492,500. (Note: Royal LePage includes non-MLS data in its survey.) Opines LePage: “Talk of a ‘soft landing’ for Canada’s real estate market in the new year is misguided. We expect no landing, no slowdown and no correction in the near-term.”

Buyers who held off awaiting that major correction which never came even as the mini-correction rebounded to new highs will exchange pent-up frustration with action; Royal LePage expects average prices will climb by 3.7 percent nationally, albeit with the caveat CEO Phil Soper calls “the absence of some calamitous event or material increase in mortgage financing costs.” Prediction: the first half of 2014 will be a sellers’ market, easing to a balanced steady state.

Specific to Metro Vancouver, Royal LePage believes the market faces some “instability” over the next two years as sales drop off from the booming peak and starts outstrip demand. Still, the “moderate” price growth of 2013 is likely to continue through 2014 with average prices projected to rise by 4.4 percent . . . . . . or maybe not.

The Cry of the Loonie

Five years ago the Canadian dollar was at parity or above the US dollar. Canadian exporters fretted,  Canadian shoppers grabbed up ‘cheap’ American wares and thanks to the sub-prime mortgage mess and subsequent flood of foreclosures and discounted prices, we Canucks bought up a fair bit of American real estate.

Things have changed. Today, the loonie is taking it on the beak. In late January it fell below 90 cents US, down by more than 10 percent. It’s been shedding feathers eve since. Some predictions have the Canuck
buck sliding to 82 cents US within the next year or so for what will be an almost 20-percent discount.
Despite Ottawa’s brave face (and the Bank of Canada’s seemingly tacit agreement to hold rates down and let the dollar slid as it may) the general view is that Canada’s economy is comparatively weaker than a few of its G7 peers and competitors and that the year(s) immediately ahead will be ‘lackluster’ at best.

For exporters of Canadian-dollar denominated resources and manufactured goods, the plucked loonie adds a sorely needed competitive edge. Ditto for holders of US dollars or other foreign currencies ‘pegged’ to the US dollar, whether actually or nominally (e.g. the Hong Kong dollar, the yuan/renminbi) and/or foreign buyers looking at Canadian real estate with an eye to live and work as true homeowners, long term if not forever.

For those not yet in, gather up the US dollars, watch and wait and as the loonie slides and bottoms out, buy more Canada, for less. However, those who converted their money and bought just prior to the loonie’s slide and into what in are now flagging property classes and regions, the 10-percent (and growing) ‘currency loss’ far outweighs the low single-digit appreciation of the asset.

In an exclusive story recently published in The South China Morning Post and presented by The Vancouver Sun, Vancouver immigration lawyer/researcher Richard Kurland and Ian Young, whom the The Sun calls “an intrepid ethnic Chinese journalist”, found that of January 2013, more than 45,000 wealthy mainland Chinese alone are awaiting processing under Canada’s federal ‘investor immigrant’ program, more than six times the annual applications from what Young calls “all other English-speaking countries with investor programs combined” and with Vancouver the landing city of choice. Estimated minimum combined wealth of these candidates: HK$90 billion or $12.9 billion.

Given Ottawa’s promise the backlog will be addressed and that, says Young, “few are typically rejected . . . . the queue could sustain the current pace of millionaire migration to the city [Vancouver] for a decade to come, even if applications remain frozen.” Continues The Sun: “Given that 95 percent of all Chinese migrants
to British Columbia end up in Metro Vancouver,Young writes that the upward impact of so many wealthy newcomers on the city’s housing prices could be devastating, making homes even more unaffordable
for the young.”

The federal investor/immigrant program was launched in 1986 by the Progressive Conservative government under Brian Mulroney. In 2012 the federal Conservative government under Stephen Harper stopped accepting applications. In the 2014 federal budget and a follow through to what it terms “Canadians of convenience’ who seek citizenship while continuing to live aboard, Ottawa scrapped the ‘investor’ program entirely and will instead focus on newer economic/immigrant programs such as skilled workers. Meanwhile,
those waiting on the the defunct investor/immigrant roster, say the feds, will have to apply via the other entry programs.

Borrowing a Cup of Sour

Consider the latest RE/MAX trans-national Upper-End market trends survey of luxury-home market, luxury defined as homes listed at $2 million plus Specific to Greater Vancouver, in 2013 and what was the  second best sales year to date, 1,609 properties sold, with high-end condos and SFD sales up 18 and 38 percent respectively for a cumulative 36-percent gain and thoroughly outperforming the overall market.

RE/MAX credits this activity to continuing low interest rates, market confidence and immigration/foreign investment with the market “particularly strong” for properties under $6 million but slows once beyond the $7-million price point.

Further to sweet spots, older SFD homes in the ‘right’ neighbourhoods and priced under $3 million are being bought by builders for lot value alone, with these older (and doubtlessly designated as non-heritage) homes demolished and replaced with new construction priced between $5 million and $10 million.

Notes RE/MAX: “The tear down trend is changing the face of entire communities and pushing up average prices in tandem” with the rip out/replace activity now spreading to “areas on the periphery of Vancouver’s blue chip neighbourhoods, blurring the boundaries of the city’s high-end pockets.”

Don’t forget high-end condos; In 2013 Metro Van had 138 condo sales of $2-million plus, with more to come, predicts RE/MAX: “The [condo] appeal is rather natural to some of Vancouver’s high-end buyers, who have previously resided in high-density centres throughout Asia, the Middle East and Europe.”

In fact, Metro Vancouver’s most expensive sale in 2013 was a condo in tower-heavy Coal Harbour. Sale price: $25 million or well above the paltry $18.6 million paid for a SFD in the University Area. Meanwhile,
RE/MAX notes the University Area SFD offered for $23.8 million and (get them while you can) a $35-million double-duplex condo. If the current pace continues, RE/MAX predicts that 2014 could be a record breaker for Metro Vancouver’s high-end wares, overshadowing the 2011 peak of 1,726 luxury SFD and 154 condos sold to new owners “from both home and aboard [who] invest in tangibility and stability for the long term.”

In other words, high-end home buyers who seek personal homes and as such, these properties are not ‘pure’ investments and certainly not ‘commodity condos’ and/or rental assets.

Follow the High Flying Bids to Victoria?

Physically, the Capital Regional District (CRD) and its core, the City of Victoria aren’t that far apart, even with the Salish Sea (nee Strait of Georgia), ever-increasing BC Ferry costs and other bothers. However, in terms of luxury home sales, Metro Vancouver and the CRD are different worlds, different draws and lower entry points. In the CRD, the RE/MAX high-end survey classifies ‘luxury’ at $1 million and up, with most activity in SFD at “upper end starter price points” of $1 million to $1.25 million. In 2013 the CRD saw a measly 200 luxury sales, off by more than 10 percent over the 227 sales posted the previous years. The 2013 top sales: $6.6 million for a “large, oceanfront estate” and $1.45 million for a very large view condo in a prime established downtown locale.

Aside from relative low prices, the ‘luxury buyer’ profile is also different. Buttressed by lower interest rates and softer prices at the top end of the market, RE/MAX says “local purchasers” are trading up to higher-end properties. Still, there is an outside element but it’s mostly from Albertans riding in “after an extended hiatus” and Americans, courtesy the stronger US dollar, rising economic confidence in the United State and the “attractive pricing” of CRD properties. In turn, “foreign investment has also been noted in Victoria, but activity is sporadic. “ (Which begs the question: Are the Americans ‘foreigners’? Albertans? Your call.)

Despite the CRD’s so-so 2013 survey figures, “cautious optimism” prevails, buttressed by what RE/MAX sees as improving economic conditions in BC. Coupled with Victoria’s balmy appeal, upper-end demand will, predicts RE/MAX, climb in 2014 with up to 220 sales and in keeping with the historic five-year and steady average of 200 to 240 luxury sales per annum. Even so, this segment isn’t expected to fully recover until the “overall market is on firm ground.”

Jobs, Jobs, Jobs?

In January, 2014, Stats Canada has Canada gaining 29,400 jobs, somewhat mitigating the 45,900 pay cheques that had vanished in December, 2013. Not great but a relief from what BMO Capital
Markets chief economist Doug Porter called “the ugliness” that rang out the year.

Specific to BC, in January 2014, the unemployment rate fell to 6.4 percent (6.6 percent in December); 2,000 part-time jobs were lost but more than balanced out by the 9,100 gain in full-time employment. In December, 2013, BC gained 13,000 jobs, says StatsCan. According to Victoria, BC is on the plus side in terms of annual employment. However, Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA) says it’s largely due to the creation of some 20,000 new public-sector jobs, full time and temporary, even as the private sector lost 12,000 jobs in the first 10 months of 2013. Translation: bigger government and so much for the BC Liberal government’s flagship economic initiative, the BC Jobs Plan which the CCPA claims “is failing to deliver”.

Up, Down, All Around

In its latest look at Canadian housing prices, the Teranet-National Bank House Price Index found that when averaged out nationally, Canuck home prices “ticked back up” to a record high in December which itself saw a 0.1-percent monthly increase, reversing November’s 0.1-percent decrease “and returned the index to its all time high.” On a year-over-year basis, Canuck house prices are 3.8 percent above last December’s comparable with 2013 accelerating as the new year approached, up from November’s 3.4 percent y-o-y and far ahead of the 3.1-percent increase posted in 2012. In the other seven of the eight cities on the Teranet-National radar and although the year-over-year prices are still largely in the black, prices have edged down in recent months. Halifax, Quebec City, Montreal, Ottawa/Gatineau, Hamilton, Winnipeg and Victoria are all
on the ‘wrong’ side of the peak, some more than others. And then there’s Metro Vancouver. For two years previous, the market was ‘correcting’ but the not to the depth nor extent predicted. Prices did fall, grudgingly but not very far, stabilized, and largely recovered. Not hot, not cold but coolish, balanced. Even as certain other regions rebounded to new highs and although not exactly rocketing upward, there’s little sign (so far) the overall and specific markets are losing much kinetic energy.

Metro Vancouver, the Greater Toronto Area and Calgary are the heated spots in what otherwise are largely stable and cooling national residential real estate markets. Calgary has the oil and influx of job seekers, Toronto has its head offices, long-established industries and influx of investors . . .

And then there’s the anomaly called Metro Vancouver. Sans head offices, no hydrocarbons, so-so economy and yet still the average prices continue to rise ever farther beyond the reach of the average incomes. If the money isn’t coming from within, it’s logical to assume it’s from without. Call it supply and demand, the natural evolution of any thing or any place or product of finite supply in an environment of ever increasing demand.

The Allure That Dares Not Speak Its Name

In early January The Globe and Mail reporter Kerry Gold took a close look at the affordability and foreign investment question. Among other sources, Gold interviewed UBC geography professor and Millionaire Migrants book author Dr. David Ley who studies housing bubbles in various global cities and who believes that Vancouver has “an astonishing apathy to the various serious issue of inequality and affordability.”
Whereas cities such as Sydney, Australia -- also deemed a target for the “global investor class who park their money in cities that are desirable and safe” – are making a government and public issue of the resulting ripple/stealth tsunami effects of such outside investment on local affordability, Dr. Levy believes that although “there’s a flutter of interest” in BC and Canada when the Royal Bank updates its stats on seemingly ever-declining affordability in certain select Canadian cities but beyond that flutter, nothing much else follows.

This apparent apathy can partially be blamed on the lack of statistics on foreign investment in Canadian residential. Whether deliberately or through simple inattention or inability, the hard running-total numbers aren’t there and aren’t being gathered. Based on data by tax filer, in 2009 the average income was $41,176
in Metro Vancouver and $39,745 province wide. The StatsCanada 2011 Housing Survey puts the Metro Vancouver household median income at $68,900 (‘census families’ include couple families, with or
without children and lone-parent families), well below the Canadian household median income of $72,240 and where living is a lot easier (and cheaper).

Gold cites Vancouver-based demographic research firm Urban Futures which notes that a mere 0.56 percent of British Colombians have declared annual incomes of $250,000 plus. With the average price of SFD in Vancouver broaching the $1-million mark and with average and median individual and household incomes bumping along in one of the world’s most expensive cities and in a province where the income-to-personal debt ratio is the highest in Canada . . . the question is obvious: Who’s buying all these increasingly expensive
homes?

If the money isn’t coming from the overstretched locals, logic assumes the money is coming from the outside.
In turn, the long and seemingly steady inflow of outside capital into the high-end SFD and condo-investment markets could do much to explain why the Metro Vancouver ‘bubble’ doesn't really exist. The classic bubble arises when local housing prices decouple and lose connection with local achievable incomes. Prices swell to unrealistic and unsustainable levels, the local buyers quail and evaporate, the music stops and the market either pops or deflates. However, if the buyers keep coming, what appeared to be a bubble becomes a multi-celled air mattress afloat on a rising tide of interest. Which is fine for those firmly aboard the mattress, less fine for those treading water and just to carry the analogy, not good for those now left left in the wake. So-so incomes in an ever more expensive area. Grimly endure or get out of town, either to the outlying regions or beyond.

Yet others counter argue that unlike ‘true’ homeowners who by definition (if not in actuality) put down roots and thus help grow the local economy in a manageable way, investor/buyers unnaturally drive up prices, distort the markets and economies and, if and when the markets cool, outside money is fickle and will sell off asap and get out of town, precipitating a general collapse in overall prices, imploding equity and thus aggravating the long-term systemic distress.

Here in BC, there seems to be an underlying attitude that before one makes any move to restrict or limit foreign investment in Canadian domestic housing markets, the extent of that investment must beyond
dispute, buttressed with hard numbers and not based on knee-jerk emotions or anecdotal ‘evidence’ . . . and yet there are no efforts made to compile these numbers . . . ostrich reasoning, Catch 22, ignore what you don’t want to or can’t admit.

The Fifth Estate, Somewhere

Unfortunately, open debate of the obvious while linking the rapid retreat of affordability with the onset of foreign investors/home buyers, is regarded as either xenophobia or uncomfortable and Catch 22 again, is largely avoided by those job is to explore similar questions and query the people involved. Or so says  observers such as The Vancouver Sun columnist Douglas Todd who writes on diversity and spiritually.
Interviewed by Young, the award-winning and well respected journalist said “it’s mostly a mystery to me” why the Canadian media typically avoids any real examination of the interplay between high immigration/foreign ownership and local property markets. It doesn’t help, opines Todd, that Canadian journalists “are like most ‘nice’ Canadians and are very fearful of offending any ethnic or immigrant
group.”

In turn, Todd says he has occasionally been accused of writing articles “in which hyper-vigilant people say they detect an ‘undercurrant of racism’. They say ‘undercurrent of racism’ because they can’t find any actual racism, because it’s not there.” But not everyone is painfully sensitive or discreetly mute. In a recent BUILDEX convention panel discussion on affordability in Greater Vancouver, urban consultant and former Vancouver director of planning Brent Toderian said that foreign ownership isn’t just the ‘elephant in the room . . . . it’s the elephant crushing the table.” No great fan of City Hall’s current government which, opines Torderian, says it’s focused on affordability but won’t take a hard look at how these well-heeled and interested outside forces affect affordability. High demand, unlimited and unrestrained deep pocketbooks, limited supply equals higher prices and in the competition between “external demand and local demand – that’s the nicest way I can put it,” Toderian told the audience, the deep pockets invariably win. “Barring
a collapse and a crash, we’re going to remain a very expensive city to own in.”
The Landcor Report - Q4 2013 Sales Summary February 17, 2014

Sound real estate decisions are made using the best possible information. Incorporated in 1987, Landcor Data Corporation has grown to be one of the most trusted providers of objective real estate data and  analysis in British Columbia. During the past two decades we’ve helped hundreds of clients achieve their goals by offering the most comprehensive real estate data, analysis and insight available. From real estate valuation and analysis to land economics research and systems development, our staff of highly qualified experts are here to help you find solutions to your real estate analysis and data needs. Landcor maintains the largest, most comprehensive database of historical sales and current information on BC residential and commercial real estate.

Whether Go the Markets?

With sales softened in the last quarter, many predict 2014 will bump along well into the year, balanced, with demand having largely depleted itself last summer when long-term interest rates rose unexpectedly (although not by that much) and wannabe buyers panicked and grabbed hold of the comparatively cheap mortgages
while they could. (Of course, if and when housing prices decline, it’s arguably better better to pay a higher interest rate on a smaller principal loan. It all depends on the math. Wait and see? Or assume that prices won’t decline so grab what you can, while you can and when interest rates do rise (and they will).

Everyone has an opinion, learned or otherwise but true to form, the housing markets’ true direction remains a guessing game. Many analysts and economists note that sales have cooled in the last quarter and demand will stay soft and steady well into 2014 in the aftermath of the stampede of buyers who, spooked by the unexpected (albeit relatively modest) rise in long-term interest rates, grabbed what they could.

On the other hand, others believe that there is a ‘next wave’ of buyers who, after waiting patiently for the markets and prices to fall as per the predictions, are getting frustrated, increasingly antsy as those
prices continue to rise and in turn are getting ready to jump in, while they think they still can.
Average prices have dipped in recent years but those brief dips are now more than erased by record prices across most product classes with the usual suspects and locales garnering most of the attention.
When the next round of interest-rates takes hold (ETA maybe late 2014 but with with the usual and ever shifting political/geo-financial/ economic caveats), there will be another surge to buy, albeit mostly
in certain select areas and what are deemed ‘more affordable’ product classes and locales in what still is (and we’re talking Lower Mainland/City of Vancouver) remains among the world’s top three
most expensive cities.

As housing prices climb, the buyers’ pool shrinks as those on the fringes of affordability are pushed out of the market. As sales volumes subsequently shrink, inventories of unsold properties grow. At a certain point, the ‘hot’ market cools and some time after that, in the pause that distresses, vendors’ now-out-of-sync  expectations gives way to pragmatism vis-à-vis achievable prices. ‘Motivation’ sets in and prices stall and then slip.

If and when financial calamity (e.g. wide scale job losses, rising mortgage-interest rates etc) pushes a whole whack of homeowners to the edge, prices really come down in either a ‘soft landing’ or ‘hard crash’ or somewhere in between.

Which now begs the question: Are BC residential real estate markets . . . normal? Short answer: In most ‘outer’ regions of BC, a qualified yes. Give and take, ask and offer. Falling volumes have engendered lower prices as the markets fall back into natural, normal equilibrium. Stay calm and carry on.

For established longer-hold vendors, the price slippage is at worse, a ‘missed’ opportunity for anyone entertaining thoughts of soon selling out and retiring to, say, bucolic Vancouver Island where prices have
also slipped. No big deal, it all works out in the wash, especially if the abode was bought prior to the latest peak and as a ‘home’ and not necessarily as an ‘investment’ with the expectation of a hefty and seemingly eternal appreciation.

However, for newbie homeowners who as buyers got spooked, fearing that the then-rising markets will forever elude them and so they jumped in, bought at or near the peak . . . the ongoing fall in average prices and lower assessed values don’t make for glad reading.

About Landcor Data Corporation

Landcor Data Corporation Inc., founded by Rudy Nielsen, is a privately held technology company based out of New Westminster, British Columbia. Landcor is a part of the Niho Group of Companies.

Saturday, February 08, 2014

BC Employment January 2014

Attached are graphs on BC and Vancouver's employment rates (15 years and older)
This month I decided to drill a bit deeper into the data, in part because both changing demographics and economic malaise can affect labour rates. To try to determine this I have plotted unemployment, employment and participation rates by age cohorts 15-24, 25-54, and 55 and older:
Analysis
  • The under 25 unemployment rate is noisy but is showing some improvement, and it should be noted took a marked drop in 2005 until the recession. If we "discount" the period between 2005 and 2008, youth unemployment has improved since its levels between 1990 and 2005.
  • Participation rate of the 25-54 age cohort has remained tightly bound since 1990. This is a different pattern from what the US has seen in its 25-54 participation rate since the recession.
  • Participation rate of the over-55 crowd is increasing. I may get around to checking into this more, but I am going to speculate that part of this is due to: a rise in female employment rates in the baby boom cohorts as they start entering the 55+ category, a "bulge" in 55-65 ages due to baby boomers, and overall health improvements and less physical jobs are allowing employment to continue later than has been the case previously.
  • Overall BC's labour market is showing gradual improvement, as has been the case since the end of the recession. Conditions are comparable to levels seen in the first half of the decade 2000-2009.


Saturday, November 09, 2013

BC Employment October 2013

Below are some graphs highlighting Vancouver's and BC's employment situation. Here are the historical employment, participation, and unemployment rates (CANSIM tables 282-0117 and 282-0087) (click on chart for larger image)




American economics blogger Calculated Risk looks at employment from the point of view of participation rate for the 25-54 age cohorts and the so-called "employment to population ratio", the ratio of those employed to the population. Below is BC's participation rate and employment-population ratio for the 25-54 cohort:

Somewhat of a surprise was graphing Canada's participation rate and employment-population ratio compared to the US. Here I quickly overlaid Calculated Risk's US graph with the Canadian one, again for the 25-54 age cohort:

Since 2002 there has been a marked divergence in the countries' participation rates and a reversal of the countries' employment-population ratio differential.

Friday, September 27, 2013

BC Population Growth to Q2 2013

BC Stats released its quarterly population estimates yesterday. Population growth consists of the following bulk components:
  • Natural increase (births - deaths)
  • Net interprovincial migration
  • Net international migration (including permanent and non-permanent residents (NPRs))
So let's look at how recent quarters look in a historical context, here graphed since 1961 to show longer-term trends (there is seasonality so quarters are best compared to each other, also do not integrate these graphs, the total population is periodically adjusted during census counts). 4 quarter rolling averages are shown.


Since 2008, net NPRs have been contributing a level of population growth approaching that of the natural increase. From datasets "Total entries of foreign workers by province or territory and urban area" and "Total entries of foreign students by province or territory and urban area", the following data on foreign worker student, and humanitarian components of NPR entries in BC:

2012 Temporary Foreign Workers (TFW), Student, and Humanitarian Entries in Vancouver and BC
VancouverBC% Vancouver of BC
TFW193154951139%
Student146772664755%
Humanitarian394117534%
Total In343867733344%
Total Out*-69491-
Net-7842-
% net of total in-10%-
* estimate by subtracting Net from Total In.

The influx of NPRs to BC was around 77,000 in 2012, however the outflux was around 69,000. According to CANSIM 051-0020 there were 151,637 NPRs in BC as of January 1, 2013, which approximately aligns with integrating historical net NPRs from the population growth estimates. NPRs have comprised 19% of the province's total population growth since the beginning of 2008.



Friday, September 06, 2013

BC Employment August 2013

Below are some graphs highlighting Vancouver's and BC's employment situation. Here are the historical employment, participation, and unemployment rates (CANSIM tables 282-0117 and 282-0087) (click on chart for larger image)





Below are three interesting plots, first BC population growth, residential units under construction, and the construction unemployment rate, followed by a scatterplot of the construction unemployment rate versus residential units under construction (on semilog):
Not surprisingly when units under construction are low, construction unemployment is elevated and vice versa. Also interesting is that high construction unemployment is partially ameliorated by labour mobility (captured by falling population growth).

The final graph is more scattered but nonetheless interesting. A few years ago BC Stats highlighted that unemployment differentials between provinces, most notably between BC and Alberta, leads to increased labour mobility. The plot below is between population growth and the BC-Alberta unemployment rate differential (spread). Current BC-AB unemployment differentials have been approximately 2.0% since the beginning of 2011, and current population growth is approximately 40,000/year. Net migration to Alberta (ie people leaving BC for Alberta minus people leaving Alberta for BC) is currently about 11,000 people annualized.

Friday, August 30, 2013

Population Growth and Residential Construction Activity in BC Part 3

(Warning this is an analysis post; if you want the conclusion skip to the last paragraph. The two of you who actually care about this stuff, please read on.)

This is a third post on population growth and construction activity in BC. This one attempts to round out the core numbers of household formation versus housing supply.

The first post highlighted an empirical relationship between housing starts and population growth and noted that population growth is cyclical.
The second post highlighted that, based on said empirical relationship and household size data, decreases in average household size has accounted for about 25% of residential construction activity (based on units produced) in the past 13 years.

An important point is that there can be additional dwelling formation beyond completions minus demolitions: dwellings can be formed by re-purposing a set of existing dwellings to be a larger or smaller set of dwellings, or by failing to include dwellings in the completions data (for example a "single family" dwelling is actually a 2 or 3 unit dwelling but not reported as such).

Another point is that dwelling completions need not necessarily be occupied. (Dwelling counts include actual dwelling counts as well as those "occupied by usual residents") They can remain vacant (so goes the rumour) or they can be used as vacation or second homes. It should be noted such homes can be either rented or occupied; to wit imagine someone living in Vancouver renting a suite in the Peace region for work reasons. There can be many reasons why dwellings can grow faster than household formation would suggest, and can be either sustainable or unsustainable.

This post analyses household formation, population, (estimated) demolitions and housing completions. Attempts are made to measure how accurately completions align with household formation.

The data are as follows (source: BC Stats and CANSIM 027-0008)

Year   Population Households Completions Net Completions*
2000   4039230    1572086    -           -
2012   4615096    1876404    -           -
Change  575866    304318     334599      301139

* "Net Completions" assume 10% demolition rate

This is broadly consistent with analysis performed by CMHC on the household formation/completions discrepancy in their spring 2013 housing market outlook publication (PDF). Based on this cursory analysis, once accounting for demolitions (about 2500/year) and assuming completions are the sole source of dwelling formation, completions align well with household formation.

Another dataset is the semi-decennial census dwelling and population counts (source Statistics Canada Census data):

Year   Population Dwellings Dwellings** Completions Net Completions*
2001   3908000    1643969   1534335     -           -
2011   4400000    1945365   1764637     -           -
Change  492000     301396    230302     291837      262653

** Occupied by usual residents

Here we can see that net completions are broadly in line, though slightly ahead of, "usual resident" dwelling formation. Census collection methods will do actual on-the-ground dwelling counts so would tend to capture all forms of dwelling formation. Given the uncertainty in demolition rates we don't have enough evidence to support overbuilding, however the change in the total number of dwellings indicates another source of dwelling formation beyond summing completions minus estimated demolitions.

Percentage of dwellings occupied by usual residents dropped from 93.3% in 2001 to 90.7% in 2011; this drop has added about 51,000 dwellings over the 2001-2011 census interval.

As mentioned, there are other forms of dwelling formation not included in CMHC completions data, namely unit conversions and unreported dwellings (e.g. basement suites). It is unclear how significant including these adds to dwelling supply. If such modes of dwelling formation is on the order of net thousands, that would indicate dwelling supply has outpaced household formation.

In conclusion, should CMHC-reported completions have been the sole means of dwelling formation in the province, and demolitions are accounted for, dwelling growth has been broadly consistent with household formation over the past 13 years. Census data indicate diverging dwelling units compared to those occupied by usual residents of approximately 55,000 over the period of 2001-2011, or about 19% of construction activity on a per unit measure. Once other sources of dwelling formation, such as unregistered basement suites or unit conversions, are considered and assumed a significant contributor, that would indicate that there are now relatively more dwellings in BC than there are households than was the case 13 years ago. For reasons discussed this does not necessarily mean an oversupply of dwellings.

Thursday, August 29, 2013

Population Growth and Residential Construction Activity in BC Part 2

A followup to yesterday's post on population growth and residential construction activity in BC is in order when thinking about the future path of household formation, household size, and construction activity. We have the basic function of construction activity versus population growth over the past decade:

Since 2000, every person growth in population has resulted in an additional 0.33 dwelling completions. If population were to remain fixed, annual completions would be 9,500.

More interesting is to dig a bit deeper into this "baseline" 9,500 completions. Based on historical demolitions data (CANSIM 026-0012 1965-1999 **terminated**), demolitions are about (10±2)% of housing starts (and completions). What this means is that even with no population growth there is a net 8,500 annual increase in dwellings, which can only mean that household size is shrinking and/or there is oversupply.

Indeed household size has been shrinking since 2000, with average household size falling from 2.580 to 2.473. If we account for the base population's change in household size in a year, this results in a net demand averaging 6,200 per year, which is on the same order, albeit slightly smaller than the estimate of 8,500.

There are reasonable error bars on the estimates, so we can state that, after accounting for demolitions and more importantly changing household size that housing completions have broadly aligned with population growth over the past decade.

More interesting, though, is looking forward to the next 13 years (and longer). The important takeaway from this post should be that shrinking household size has added approximately 6,200 additional residential construction units per year, or about 25% of total residential construction activity, since 2000. If household size were to plateau that would mean a 23% drop in average construction activity compared to the past 13 years (or significant oversupply). BC Stats projects household size to drop from 2.53 in 2006 to 2.37 in 2035. Under this scenario, using BC stats population projections, this would mean the projected decreasing household size will add 3,400 additional residential construction units per year, which would mean, all else equal, a 13% decrease in average construction activity from the previous decade.

Another factor to consider is the utilization of existing dwellings as the household size has dropped. While I don't have data to support one way or another, it may be true that existing dwellings are not being utilized to their full capacity (think empty nesters who haven't downsized yet). If this is true that means, once turned over, these dwellings will act as "phantom" supply that would further decrease residential construction demand.

Wednesday, August 28, 2013

Population Growth and Residential Construction Activity in BC

(This is the first in a three part series analysing population growth and construction activity in BC. See the second and third parts.)

There is an obvious correlation between housing activity and population growth. Since the 1980s one can see the ebbs and flows of population growth, alongside housing starts and completions, have been a normal occurrence in BC's history. The second graph puts population growth in a longer historical perspective for posterity.

 
The best correlation is between housing completions and population growth, however there are two behaviours, one pre-2000 and another post-2000. Pre-2000 there were approximately 0.22 completions per person of growth, with a 1 quarter lag (ie population growth rises and falls one quarter before completions). Post-2000 there were approximately 0.33 completions per person of growth with a 3 quarter lead (ie population growth rises and falls three quarters after completions).
Some clues as to why there is a difference should be evident by observing the fraction of detached completions of the total has been dropping since the early 1990s in Vancouver that makes up the majority of residential construction activity in the province.

Notes:
  • Though it's not immediately evident from the data, by visual inspection, there is arguably a "baseline" 10,000 units built each year to maintain the existing stock of housing for the existing population. That is, if population growth were zero there would still be a turnover demand of around 10,000 units per year.
  • The number of completions per person of growth after 2000 corresponds to 0.33, or about 3 people per completion. Before 2000 this was 4.5 people per completion. It looks as if the shift to multi-unit construction at least partially accounts for this difference.
  • As a rough rule of thumb, if population growth is 30,000 this results in annual housing demand of 20,000. Over the course of BC's history since the 1960s, 30,000 is a typical nadir. Most recent population growth has been around 40,000, which corresponds to a demand of about 22,000-25,000 units. Current completion rate is near the high end of this range but the number of starts suggests the number of completions will not markedly deviate from current population growth.
  • Population projections typically do not account for the variability in year-to-year population growth but concentrate on averages. Population growth has averaged 60,000 and completions have averaged 28,000 since 1965. Growth projections are about 55,000–60,000 until 2035 based on BC Stats analysis. Population growth cycles with a period of about 10–15 years.
I track population growth closely as it aligns with residential construction activity, GDP growth, and new and used housing sales and for-sale inventory.